This paper develops an overlapping generations (OLG) model with discrete choice agents to analyze how land asset constraints affect intergenerational welfare in China. Although urban migration provides higher wages and enhanced pension benefits, rural households incur significant costs: high housing expenditures and the loss of land value, which deter relocation. The results underscore the role of institutional barriers in perpetuating rural-urban disparities, and suggest that reforming land and pension policies is critical to mitigating long-term welfare imbalances. 

Why migrants from different regions experience unequal levels of acceptance in their destinations? I develop a Bayesian framework in which locals update beliefs about migrant quality using two types of information: personal achievements and the collective reputation of the migrant’s hometown. The model predicts that migrants from economically stronger hometowns are judged more favorably, while those from weaker origins face greater rejection, and that dialect distance magnifies both effects. The results demonstrate how language and regional identity interact with economic background to shape migrants’ experiences of acceptance and exclusion.

This paper studies how family policies affect household behavior and urban-rural welfare in China. A quantitative overlapping-generations model with urban-rural heterogeneity and age-specific child-rearing costs is developed to capture both monetary and time burdens. The paper evaluates double reduction, fertility subsidies, and free kindergarten. All three policies generate modest fertility responses, but their welfare effects differ. Double reduction benefits urban households more by lowering education costs and time pressure. Subsidies and preschool support benefit rural households more because they are larger relative to income. A combined package delivers the largest newborn welfare gain and improves welfare in both sectors.